Tag Archives: Excel

Valstybės biudžeto pyragas 2023 m. (paprastai)

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Dažniausiai valstybės biudžeto išlaidoms pavaizduoti naudojamas grafikas yra spalvotas 3d pyragas. Šis paveiksliukas paimtas iš oficialios finansų ministerijos medžiagos.

Pabandykime kitaip, o jei grafikas būtų:

  • Lengvai skaitomas – visa informacija apie vieną sritį būtų vienoje eilutėje ir sulygiuota
  • Svarbiausias skaičius būtų procentas (juk tie milijonai – sunkiai suvokiami paprastam žmogui)
  • Tūkstančiai būtų suapvalinti iki milijardų ir tai būtų parašyta prie kiekvieno skaičiaus
  • Vis dar greitai ir lengvai paruošiamas ar atnaujinamas vien su Ekseliu
  • Turėtų palyginimą su praėjusiais metais

Spalvos paimtos iš oficialaus Finansų ministerijos bukleto, tačiau visgi pagrindinė mėlyna spalva buvo tokia ryški – kad panaudojau ne pagrindinę.
Viskas paruošta viename Ekselio faile ir atsinaujina įkopijavus naujus skaičius.
Duomenys nuskaityti: 2023 m. gegužės 27 d.

Chaotic, Neutral and Lawful

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Lawful – following the best data visualization rules.

Neutral – basically following the defaults.

Chaotic – doing some “design”.

Good – trying to provide information in a clear way.

Neutral – you just need numbers, here are your numbers.

Evil – let’s pick fancy chart!

How is the pie chart among “good” ones?

Does economic freedom make societies more or less equal?

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Does economic freedom make societies more or less equal?

The answer to whether economic opportunities cause society to diverge into “the rich” and “the poor” or to converge into a “strong middle class” remains unanswered, because only a slight negative trend is visible. If there is any effect of economic freedom on the distribution of income in a society, measurable by the GINI coefficient, then it is weak, and easily countered by various other effects.

What: GINI coefficient – the larger it is, the more equally is the income distributed, everyone having the same amount at 100, the smaller it is the more income is concentrated in hands of the few, only one person having all the wealth at 0. And Economic Freedom Index.
When: The date of GINI is different for each country, the modal year being 2015. Economic Freedom Index is of 2017.
Where: 138 countries of the world
Source: WB for GINI and The Heritage Foundation for Economic Freedom Index.

Is economic freedom needed for economic prosperity?

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Is economic freedom needed for economic prosperity?

Pardon me for asking the obvious. But if less democratic countries manage to maintain high levels of HDI, maybe less economically free countries manage to reach high levels of GDP per capita? The answer is no, the relationship is clear and exponential – free economy is best. That might surprise, but even the United Arab Emirates are economically free, they rank the 9th in the world by economic freedom.

What: Average GDP per capita in USD in a given Economic Freedom Index range. The red area represents the standard deviation – with higher Index values, the GDP becomes more volatile.
When: I’d say the whole graph is 2018 because Economic Freedom Index represents previous years.
Where: 175 countries of the world.
Source: The Heritage Foundation and WB

Is democracy essential for economic freedom?

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Is democracy essential for economic freedom?

There are few real communist regimes left around the world, and even those are not really communist. So, maybe democracy and economic freedom do not correlate well? Apparently, they do. Democracy and economic freedom go together!

What: Democracy Index and Economic Freedom Index
When: 2018 for Democracy and 2019 for Economic Freedom Index, which covers years 2017-2018.
Where: 162 countries of the world
Source: EIU for Democracy Index and The Heritage Foundation for Economic Freedom Index

Which belief is related the most with freedom?

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Which belief is related the most with freedom?

Since the freedom of religion has decreased since 2008, let’s see how beliefs themselves relate to freedom. Again, people living in the least religious countries are the freest, and those living in Islamic countries are the least free. There is a tiny nuance, that Christianity and “No religion” is the most common pair of significant beliefs in a country, so, they’re quite related. However, the second most common pair is Christianity and Islam.

What: Average Human Freedom Index by belief. It was calculated only for those countries where followers of a particular belief make more than 10% of the population and it was weighted by that percentage. Judaism and “Other beliefs” were excluded because they had only 1 country complying with such criteria.
When: 2016 for Freedom 2020 for religion (it’s an estimate) because the latest actual data were of 2010.
Where: 147 countries of the world.
Source: Pew Research Center and The Human Freedom Index 2018: A Global Measurement of Personal, Civil, and Economic Freedom

How have human freedoms changed?

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How have human freedoms changed?

The Human Freedom Index consists of many subindexes covering various areas of people’s personal and economic life. After seeing that the average Human Freedom index of the world has decreased I decided to check what subindexes decreased the most and what increased. So, the winner is the “Sound Money” index which means, that money are safe from inflation and people can have foreign currency accounts. The loser is the “Religion” index, which mean that people have less freedom to establish and operate a religious organization.

What: Human Freedom Index – differences between subindex averages in 2016 and 2008.
When: 2008 and 2016
Where: 162 countries
Source: The Human Freedom Index 2018: A Global Measurement of Personal, Civil, and Economic Freedom

P.S. I must agree, those patterns on bars are terrible.

Is the world becoming freeer?

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Is the world becoming freeer?

That’s rather disappointing. We talk a lot about same-sex marriage, which is allowed in more and more countries, but the overall situation is becoming worse.

Sadly the latest data is not very fresh, it’s 2016.

P.S. The word “freeer” is amazing, it has three consecutive letters “e”. Too bad it is not in the dictionary.

What: Human Freedom Index – the difference between regional averages in 2016 and 2008.
When: 2008 and 2016
Where: 162 countries grouped into regions
Source: The Human Freedom Index 2018: A Global Measurement of Personal, Civil, and Economic Freedom

Is freedom the source of happiness?

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Is freedom the source of happiness?

After comparing the happiness score and Human Freedom Index it could be said that probably yes. The correlation is 63%, so we might say that people in freer countries consider themselves happier.

What: Happiness score from World Happiness Report and Human Freedom Index
When: 2016 for Freedom and 2017 for Happiness.
Where: 147 countries of the world
Source: WHR and The Human Freedom Index 2018: A Global Measurement of Personal, Civil, and Economic Freedom

Is democracy essential for human freedom?

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Is democracy essential for human freedom?

There is such Human Freedom Index, covering a wide range of areas including freedom of religion, freedom of movement, freedom to trade and many more. After plotting this index against the Democracy Index I saw a super clear relationship: democracy and freedom go together!

What: Human Freedom Index and Democracy Index
When: 2016
Where: 157 countries of the world
Source: EIU for Democracy Index and Ian Vásquez and Tanja Porčnik, The Human Freedom Index 2018: A Global Measurement of Personal, Civil, and Economic Freedom (Washington: Cato Institute, Fraser Institute, and the Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom, 2018).

Is the situation of democracy improving in the world?

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Is the situation of democracy improving in the world?

The short answer is no – it is deteriorating. The world’s average Democracy Index decreased during the period from 2006 to 2018. In more parts of the world it is decreasing rather than increasing.

What: Democracy Index – the difference between regional averages in 2018 and 2006.
When: 2006 and 2018
Where: 167 countries grouped to regions
Source: EIU

Do democracies live better?

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Do democracies live better?

Let’s say Human Development Index indicates this “betterness” of life, and the Democracy Index indicates how democratic a country is. Then it is visible, that only democraciest democracies show a positive trend. Countries below score of 6 lose that clear correlation, because some countries managed to provide good living conditions for their citizens without being democratic. Most of them have oil.

What: Human Development Index (HDI) and Democracy Index
When: 2017
Where: 165 countries of the world
Source: UNDP for HDI and EIU for Democracy Index

What belief makes people happiest?

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What belief makes people happiest?

Is it Buddhism? IS IT BUDDHISM? Noooo. Buddhism makes people just slightly happier than other non-western beliefs. As we’ve seen before the influence of Human Development on this score is too significant, so a mere way of thinking does not overcome people’s general attitudes towards their life as strongly as material provisions do.

What: Average happiness score from World Happiness Report by belief. It was calculated only for those countries where followers of a particular belief make more than 10% of the population and it was weighted by that percentage. Judaism and “other beliefs” were excluded because they had only 1 country complying with such criteria. It was Israel for Judaism and Taiwan for “other beliefs”. I guess that “belief” was Taoism.
When: 2019 for happiness, 2020 for religion (it’s an estimate) because the latest actual data were of 2010.
Where: 155 countries of the world.
Source: WHR and Pew Research Center

Is religion the source of happiness?

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Is religion the source of happiness?

Religion has a strong influence on people’s attitudes towards their lives. Maybe being religious makes people happier? As seen from the graph it seems directly the opposite – the more religious the society the less happy they are!

The first three columns are transparent because there are less than 3 countries in their value range.

What: Percentage of the total population in a country affiliated with any religion, and happiness score from the World Happiness Report. Countries are grouped into bands of 10 percentage points by religiosity.
When: 2019 for happiness, 2020 for religion (it’s an estimate) because the latest actual data were of 2010.
Where: 155 countries of the world.
Source: WHR and Pew Research Center

Are sunny days the source of happiness?

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Are sunny days the source of happiness?

It seems like it’s the opposite. Maybe the less sun people have, the more they work to survive, the more developed they become and thus – more happy.

African countries have been made dim in this graph because they show less clear relationships – in the Sub-Saharan region, they all occupy the bottom part of the happiness chart, in the Middle East & North Africa, they occupy just a narrow band in the sunshine spectrum.

What: Happiness score from World Happiness Report and Yearly sunshine hours. Since it’s impossible to calculate sunshine hours for the whole country which might be as diverse as the USA with Florida and Alaska, a simple average of available cities was calculated.
When: 2019
Where: Countries that have both statistics. Western & European countries include Europe, USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
Source: WHR and W: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_by_sunshine_duration